Furnace casing and lining secured by an anchorage assembly



Sept-5,1967 W.HINCHLIFFE 3,339,328 A FURNACE CASING AND LINING SECURED BY AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY Filed 00's. 30, 1964 i s Sheets-Sheet 1f Sept 5, 96 w. HINCHLIFFE 3,

FURNACE CASING AND LINING SECURED BY AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY Filed Oct. 30, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 5, N. w HlNCHLlFFE FURNACE CASING AND LINING SECURED BY AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY 3 Sheets$heet 3 Filed Oct. 30, 1964 United States Patent 3,339,328 FURNACE CASING AND LININ G SECURED BY AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY Nevile William Hinchliffe, Chester, England, assignor to Morganite Incorporated, Long Island City, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Oct. 30, 1964, Ser. No. 407,729 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Nov. 7, 1963, 44,032/ 63 3 Claims. (Cl. 52-378) This invention relates to furnaces and provides an improved anchorage assembly for retaining a monolithic or brick-built refractory lining or wall inside a furnace casing or equivalent structure.

A monolithic refractory lining is made in situ by casting, moulding or ramming refractory material over thermal insulation on the inside surface of a furnace casing so as to form a heat-resistant covering on the inside surface of the furnace.

A brick-built lining is made from preformed bricks which are built into a wall lining thermal insulation on the furnace casing.

With either type of construction, monolithic or brickbuilt, it is necessary to provide a secure anchorage between the refractory lining and the furnace casing and one object of the present invention is to provide an improved form of anchorage assembly for securing the refractory lining of a furnace to the furnace casing.

According to the invention an anchorage assembly for a refractory lining of a furnace comprises an anchor bracket, preferably of metal, having an apertured flange, a refractory anchor body with sides shaped to key with the refractory lining and a head in interlocked engagement with the anchor bracket, resisting separation of the anchor body from the anchor bracket in a direction away from the flange, the flange being adapted to receive securing means, such as a bolt or screw or a metal link or tie, extending through the apertured flange for securing the anchor bracket to the furnace casing.

In one form of the invention the anchor bracket consists of a channel member of U-section having at least one external flange lying transverse to the length of the channel and formed upon the external surface of the channel base, the sides of the channel being inturned at their outer edges so that the width of the channel is at a minimum at the channel mouth.

One end of the channel may be partially closed by a web extending partly across the channel from one or each of the channel sides to prevent exit, from that end, of the part of the anchor body within the channel.

The head of the anchor body in interlocked engagement with the anchor bracket is preferably formed to be located within the anchor bracket by sliding it lengthwise into the channel and into abutment with the web or webs, if present, with a neck connecting the head and the main part of the anchor body lying in the mouth of the channel.

Where the anchor bracket has more than one flange, the flanges are preferably arranged parallel with one another, and each flange has a number of apertures or holes in it, each hole in a flange being in register with a hole in each of the other flanges.

An anchor bracket having two parallel flanges can be secured to the furnace casing by bolts or screws passed through aligned holes in the flanges and through one or more lugs on a joist or beam secured to the casing and positioned, for example, between the two flanges.

Such a rigid method of attachment of an anchor bracket to the furnace casing is preferably utilised where large thermal dimensional changes in the relative posi- 3,339,328 Patented Sept. 5, 1 967 tions of the lining and furnace casing are not met, and in particular parts, such as nose arches, of a furnace.

Where large thermal dimensional changes must be accommmodated, each anchor bracket is preferably secured to the furnace casing by a tie or link which extends through a hole in a flange on the anchor bracket and which is designed to allow relative movement to occur between the anchor bracket and the furnace casing. Such relative movement may be accommodated for example, by making the tie or link a loose fit in the hole.

A link may consist of a metal rod having bends in it so that its outer ends extend in directions mutually at right angles and perpendicular to the central part of the rod extending between the two outer ends. One outer end or arm of such a rod can be thrust through a hole in the flange, or, where two or more flanges are provided, through aligned holes in the flanges, and the other end extended through a loop, sleeve bracket, or other apertured support on the furnace casing.

Alternatively the link may comprise a metal loop link consisting of a pair of U-shaped metal clips which together make up a rectangular loop and can be inserted, from opposite sides, into aligned holes of an anchor bracket and a hole or holes in a lug, or a channel in a bracket, for example a sleeve bracket, on the inside of the furnace casing. The ends of the two U-shaped clips meet, or almost meet, or overlap to form a closed or substantially closed loop. The two U-shaped clips, after insertion, may be held together by an intermediate tie spanning between their ends.

The refractory body will usually be a so-called anchor tile of wedge shape or with serrated, grooved or other keyshaped sides, and which preferably has, at one end, a head, separated from the remaining part of the tile by a neck, of appropriate size and shape for fitting within the channel of an anchor bracket.

Some specific embodiments of the invention will now be descibed, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an anchor bracket having a single integral flange,

FIGS. 2 and 3 are end and side elevations, respectively, of an anchor bracket having two integral flanges,

FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically illustrate two alternative methods of securing the anchor bracket of FIGS. 2 and 3 to the casing of a furnace,

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an end elevation and cross-section, respectively, of an alternative form of anchor bracket,

FIG. 8 shows the bracket of FIGS. 6 and 7 secured to the casing of a furnace, and

FIGS. 9 and 10 show end and side views, respectively, of yet another form of anchor bracket together with an anchor body for engagement therewith, the anchor body and anchor bracket being shown spaced apart from one another.

In the various figures of the drawings like reference numerals are used to indicate like parts.

The anchor bracket illustrated in FIG. 1 consists of a metal strip 1 shaped in the form of a right-angled U with the arms 2 of the U forming the sides 3 of a channel 10 extending longitudinally of the anchor bracket. The width of the strip is increased towards the outer extremities 4 of the arms, and these are inturned so that the width of the channel is at a minimum at its mouth 5. Upon the external surface of the channel base 6 is formed an integral flange 7 which lies in the median plane of the anchor bracket perpendicular to the length of the channel and through which three longitudinal holes 8 are formed. Securing means comprising elongated fastening members such as bolts or metal links can be passed through the holes to attach the bracket to the furnace casing. The

flange is continued down the external surface of each arm as an external rib 9.

An alternative form of anchor bracket shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes two parallel flanges 7a on the external surface of the channel base and at each end of the clamp. Each flange has three longitudinal holes 8 each in register with a hole in the other flange.

Each arm of the anchor bracket of FIG. 1 and the anchor bracket of FIGS. 2 and 3 carries a web 11 extending transversely of the anchor bracket and partially closing one end of the channel 10.

The anchor bracket of FIGS. 2 and 3 may be secured to the furnace casing by fastening members such as bolts or screws passed through the holes in the flanges, but preferably attachment of the anchor bracket to the furnace casing is attained, as shown in FIG. 4, by securing the anchor bracket to a air of parallel lugs 12 by means of bolts (not shown) passed through the lugs and corresponding holes in the flanges, the lugs being welded, for example, to a beam 13 on the furnace casing (not shown).

Alternatively the anchor bracket can be secured to the furnace casing by a link 14 as shown in FIG. 5. The form of link illustrated consists of a metal rod bent so that its opposite ends lie mutually at right angles and perpendicular to the central part of the rod between the two outer ends. One end of the rod is passed through aligned holes in the flanges of the anchor bracket and the other outer end through a sleeve bracket 15 secured to the furnace casing.

The anchorage assembly is completed by an anchor body 17 such as an anchor tile which is of wedge shape, or with serrated, grooved, or other keying sides as shown in FIG. 5, and has a head 18 shaped to fit within the channel of the anchor body and in interlocking engagement therewith.

The anchorage assemblies can be incorporated in a refractory lining 19 (FIG. during the construction thereof in any way which suits the method of construction employed, and brackets or other supports, to which the anchor brackets can be secured by screws, links or other means, are provided on the inside of the furnace casing at suitable spaced locations and exposed to the inside of the furnace through gaps in the thermal insulation 21 on the casing.

In monolithic construction of the furnace lining, refractory material is placed in situ in successive stages up to the level of each anchor bracket or other support. As each anchor bracket level is reached, each respective anchor tile has its head slid longitudinally into the channel of an anchor bracket, the anchor bracket is secured by a link, bolt or otherwise to the bracket on the furnace casing, and the anchor tile when embedded in the refractory lining material.

Where links are used to secure the anchor brackets to the furnace casing, embedding of the anchor tile in place is facilitated because each link provides a movable retainer for the anchor tile permitting the anchor tile to be pressed down into the refractory lining material which has been placed up to or even somewhat above the level of the bracket on the furnace casing. Moreover, as referred to above, the links allow relative movement due to thermal dimensional changes to occur between the furnace lining and the casing.

In a brick-built construction of a refractory lining, the brickwork can be carried out leaving a space around each bracket or fixing on the furnace casing. Through such space access can be gained to the respective bracket for securing an anchor bracket thereto and for assembly of the anchor tile with its head within the channel in the anchor bracket. The anchor tile can then be embedded in the wall by filling the space with refractory cement or filling material with or without additional brickwork. Preferably the lining bricks around each bracket or support on the furnace casing are arranged so that the refractory cement or filling material takes up a wedge-shape divergent from the bracket support.

FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show an anchor bracket generally similar to that of FIG. 1 but having small diagonal webs 11a which extend across the corners between the sides 3 of the channel 10 and the channel base 6 to form stops which prevent displacement of the head of an anchor body from one end of the channel. The webs 11a are formed half-way along the length of the channel and in the plane of the flange 7.

So that the head of an anchor tile shaped to closely fit within the channel can be slid into position, those edges of the head intended to lie in the corners at the base of the channel are bevelled (as shown at 22 in FIG. 8) for half their lengths so that when the head is thrust into the channel the bevelled parts of the edges clear the webs 11a. When the head is fully into the chanel the unbevelled parts of the edges come into contact with the webs to prevent further movement of the head through the channel.

In FIG. 8 the anchor bracket is shown secured to the casing of a furnace by a link 14 of which one end 23 extends through a hole in the flange. As can be seen, the end 23 is hooked for the more secure retention thereof in the apertured flange 7.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show yet another form of anchor bracket and anchor body for interlocking engagement therewith. The anchor bracket has a single flange 7 halfway along its length, and the sides 3 of the channel 10 are straight and slope inwards towards one another so that the width of the channel is at a minimum at the channel mouth. A bar 24 is secured, by welding for example, across the channel at one end of the anchor body to prevent exit, from that end, of the head of an anchor body located with the channel.

A suitable anchor body 17 for interlocking engagement with the anchor bracket is also shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the head 18 thereof having a part 25 which, when in position, projects beyond the end of the anchor body and overlies the bar 24. The part 25 is optional and may be omitted, if desired.

I claim:

1. A furnace structure comprising a casing and a refractory lining secured together by an anchorage assembly including:

an anchor bracket comprising a channel member of U-section having at least one external flange lying in a plane perpendicular to the length of the channel and formed upon the external surface of the channel base, the sides of the channel being inturned at their outer edges so that the width of the channel is at a minimum at the channel mouth.

a refractory anchor body with sides shaped to key with a refractory lining and a head in interlocked engagement with the channel member of the anchor bracket, resisting separation of the anchor body from the anchor bracket in a direction away from the flange, the flange having apertures formed therein parallel to the length of the channel,

a slezve bracket fixedly secured to the furnace casing,

securing means comprising a metal rod having its opposite ends extending in directions mutually at right angles and perpendicular to the central part of the rod, the first end of said rod extending through one of said apertures in the flange and the other end of said rod extending through said sleeve bracket, allowing relative movement due to thermal dimensional changes to occur between the furnace lining and the casing.

2. A furnace structure according to claim 1, in which one end of the channel is partially closed by a web extending partly across the channel from at least one of the channnel sides to prevent exit, from that end, of the part of the anchor body within the channel.

3. A furnace structure according to claim 2, in which the head of the anchor body in interlocked engagement With the anchor bracket is formed to' be located Within the anchor bracket by sliding it lengthwise into the channel and into abutment with the web, with a neck connecting the head and the main part of the anchor body lying in the mouth of the channel.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,071,069 2/1937 Heitman 52713 X Doyle 52-378 Lanyon 110-99 Stone 52487 X Rath 110-99 Kimmlinger et al. 52564 X FOREIGN PATENTS France.

10 FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner. A. C. PERHAM, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A FURNACE STRUCTURE COMPRISING A CASING AND A REFRACTORY LINING SECURED TOGETHER BY AN ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY INCLUDING: AN ANCHOR BRACKET COMPRISING A CHANNEL MEMBER OF U-SECTION HAVING AT LEAST ONE EXTERNAL FLANGE LYING IN A PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO THE LENGTH OF THE CHANNEL AND FORMED UPON THE EXTERNAL SURFACE OF THE CHANNEL BASE, THE SIDES OF THE CHANNEL BEING INTURNED AT THEIR OUTER EDGES SO THAT THE WIDTH OF THE CHANNEL IS AT A MINIMUM AT THE CHANNEL MOUTH, A REFRACTORY ANCHOR BODY WITH SIDES SHAPED BY KEY WITH A REFRACTORY LINING AND A HEAD IN INTERLOCKED ENGAGEMENT WITH THE CHANNEL MEMBER OF THE ANCHOR BRACKET, RESISTING SEPARATION OF THE ANCHOR BODY FROM THE ANCHOR BRACKET IN A DIRECTION AWAY FROM THE FLANGE, THE FLANGE HAVING APERTURES FORMED THEREIN PARALLEL TO THE LENGTH OF THE CHANNEL, A SLEEVE BRACKET FIXEDLY SECURED BY THE FURNACE CASING, AND 